Good job.
시골촌장 and Sanghyun must have understood most of the expressions. But it needs my comments not to leave any doubt.

'A bad hair day' is a cliche which is used especially between girls. You get up in the morning and sit at the mirror to do makeup. You want to look neat but there is one problem. You try and try but you can't be satisfied with your hairstyle. You waste time and try everything on your hair but nothing works. Then it's your bad hair day.

'A fat day' is another cliche that is used more often between girls.
Sometimes you don't feel any appetite because you feel that there is some undigested food in your stomach. Once you eat any little food then you feel you're stuffed. You slightly pince your belly and you grab more flesh than the other ordinary days. Then you'll say "Oh, this is my fat day."

About other expressions Sanghyun's answers are right.
One thing. 'Poet's day' and 'the day the eagle shits' are not very acceptable in the normal circumstances. You can use these only to your very close friends.

Now, let's go over to other expressions.
What about 'love,' one of the most frequently used words in your whole life.
The general meaning of 'love' doesn't need to be explained, huh?
And so, let's go a little further about 'love.'

What do these sentences mean?

'I really hate these love handles. I should lose them. I know it.'
'I don't trust him. He is one of a love-'em-and-leave-'em' people.
'It's thirty love, man! Where is your racket?'

I'm waiting for your answers

ernest